The bones in our bodies have several functions, they form a framework that protects internal organs. such as the bones of the skull to protect brain tissue, and the bones of the rib cage protect the lungs. The bones are moved by the muscles.
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Bone cancer
It is a cancer that affects the bones and soft tissues, which include muscle, fat, tendons, blood vessels and lining of joints. It usually affects adolescents and young adults, but it can also occur in young children and the elderly.
Types of bone cancer
Bone cancer is divided into two types:
Primary bone cancer: It is a cancer that arises from the bones and is the most dangerous type of bone cancer, and it is called sarcoma. Which can infect anywhere on the body.
Secondary bone cancer: It is cancer that has spread to the bones from another area affected by cancer. such as prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast, kidney, and thyroid cancer.
Bone tumors may be benign or malignant, and malignant bone tumors occur when a cancerous tumor occurs in the bones. while benign bone tumors occur when a non-cancerous tumor arises in the bones. and it is wrong to call benign bone cancer, but the word cancer means malignant. where there are benign tumors, there is no benign cancer.
Types of primary bone cancer
Primary bone cancer is often called sarcoma, and there are many types of sarcoma:
Osteosarcoma
It is a malignant tumor in the bone originating from the bone-producing cells. This type of tumor appears in the rapidly growing areas of the shoulder, knee. and thigh bone, and about 60% of primary bone tumors are osteosarcoma.
Osteosarcoma is defined by the type of cell responsible for the tumor, such as:
Osteoplasty .
The cartilage cell is a builder.
Fibroblast.
Those related to dilated capillaries, which include spaces filled with blood in the case of a tumor.
Ewing sarcoma
It is a bone tumor characterized by radiation-sensitive circular blue cells.
3% of cases are paralyzed as a result of the pressure of the tumor on the spinal cord. and some patients will develop fever, and others patients are diagnosed with metastases in the diagnosis. and the most common metastases areas are the lung, bones and bone marrow.
The prospects of recovery from Ewing sarcoma depend on:
- Tumor size and location.
- The stage of the disease.
- The presence of metastases.
For patients without metastases, the survival rate is as high as 70%.
Cartilage sarcoma
Cartilage sarcoma is the most common among malignant tumors in the chest wall. and the tumor is usually concentrated in the anterior rib cage, and causes pain. and the incidence of this type is greater in men in their third or fourth decade of life.
Symptoms of bone Cancer
The most common symptoms of bone cancer include:
Pain
Pain in the affected bone is one of the most common signs of bone cancer.
At first, the pain is not constant, and sometimes the patient wakes up from sleep depending on the area of the tumor. As the cancer develops, the patient will feel pain all the time and worsen with activity.
Swelling
Swelling may not occur in the pain area until weeks have passed. and the patient may notice swelling and pressure pain close to the affected area. and it is possible to feel a lump depending on the area of the tumor.
Weak and broken bones
A cancer cell can weaken bones, and this can sometimes lead to fractures.
Reduced mobility
If the tumor site is close to the joint, normal movements become difficult and painful. in some cases affecting the patient's movement and making it weaker over time.
Complications of bone cancer
Complications of bone cancer include:
- The spread of cancer in many places of the body, the most important of which are: lungs, healthy bones.
- Sometimes there is a need to remove the affected organ and install artificial organs.
- Side effects of long-term medications used.
Causes of bone cancer
The causes of bone cancer are unknown, but there are some predisposing factors, including:
- Family history of cancer, especially bone cancer.
- Radiation exposure, such as radiation therapy.
- Exposure to chemicals and environmental pollutants.
- Having Paget's disease.
Bone Cancer Diagnosis in Turkey
Bone cancer in Turkey of all kinds is diagnosed by the best orthopedic doctor in Turkey according to the signs and symptoms accompanying the patient, then the following tests are performed:
Imaging tests
Among the most prominent of these tests are the following:
- Computed tomography.
- Magnetic resonance imaging.
- Osteography.
Biopsy
The doctor performs a biopsy of the affected area, which helps to know the grade and type of cancer.
Treatment of bone Cancer in Turkey
The choice of treatment of bone cancer in Turkey depends on the following factors:
- Type of bone cancer.
- The location of the cancerous tumor.
- The extent to which the tumor has spread to other areas.
- The degree and severity of the disease.
- Patient health.
The methods of treating bone cancer in Istanbul were as follows:
Surgery
It is the best option for treating bone cancer in Turkey, and it includes removing the affected part and some surrounding tissues so that the tumor does not return again.
Radiotherapy
Radiation is used to eliminate cancer cells, and bone cancer cells need high doses of radiation to remove them. so normal cells are likely to be significantly affected.
Radiation is used in the treatment of bone cancer usually after surgeries. and when it is not possible to remove all affected parts. and radiation can also be used to relieve the symptoms of the disease.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is not used for all types of bone cancer, it is used for Ewing tumors. and it is tried if the disease spreads to other areas.
Targeted therapies for bone cancer
These treatments target the cancer cell with fewer side effects on normal cells. unlike chemotherapy treatments, and these drugs include:
Imatinib.
Dinosumab.
Interferon .
Bone Cancer Treatment Cost in Turkey
Turkey has a very high level of extensive experience of its doctors. the infrastructure of its hospitals and the medical services it provides. In addition, the cost of bone cancer treatment in Turkey is very low compared to other countries.
What is the relationship between genetic factors and bone cancer?
A number of bone cancers, especially osteosarcoma, are hereditary, and are caused by mutations in certain genes. Paget's disease is benign and can become a cancerous condition, affecting one or more bones. often leading to the formation of abnormal bone tissue.
Thus, we have learned about bone cancer in Turkey, if you have any questions. Do not hesitate to contact Medicsey Center now and you will find the medical team of Medicsey Center ready to assist you at all times. Contact us now.
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